Expo City Farm features 5 components and 2 technologies delivered in collaboration with local and international partners. Outdoor Organic Farm - Emirates Bio Farm and Emirates Bio Fertiliser. Indoor Hydroponics Farm - Alesca Life. Mushroom Farm - Below Farm. Workshops and Talks - Expo City Dubai. Farm Café - PXB. Biochar Plot - A Healthier … A place to connect, relax, and celebrate. Named in honour of the UAE’s 50th anniversary, Jubilee Park is a space built for celebration. You can take a ride on the iconic Garden in the Sky observation tower for a panoramic view of Expo City Dubai. Using only water, one kiosk of the vertical hydroponic farm at the Expo City Farm is able to produce 15kgs of food all year round. The water is recirculated to reduce water consumption by up to 95 ...Ten years ago, the world entrusted Dubai and the UAE with the profound responsibility of bringing the world together at Expo 2020. Since then, we have continued to connect minds to create a better future for all.EXPO Expo Live Impact Report. 6.2 MB • PDF. Expo City Dubai finds, funds and promotes innovative solutions from around the world that tackle social, environmental and humanitarian challenges. Learn more about the Expo Live grants programme.Jun 20, 2022 · The Expo 2020 site is to be transformed into Expo City Dubai and will soon welcome thousands of new residents and businesses, said Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid, Vice President and Ruler of Dubai, on Monday. In a series of tweets, Sheikh Mohammed set out his vision for the legacy site. Glimpse tomorrow at Expo City Dubai This future-centric destination builds on the legacy of Expo 2020 Dubai, which welcomed 192 nations and more than 24 million visitors. Accessible directly via the Dubai Metro, and home to the huge Dubai Exhibition Centre, here you’ll find many of the features that wowed the crowds …Latest: Expo City promises unrivalled 'campus town feel' as it reopens to the public. Thousands of visitors are expected to visit Expo City Dubai from today, Thursday September 1. The date of the partial opening — which came earlier than expected — caused a flurry of excitement when it was announced on Monday.Create your profile. Get started by creating a profile to apply for a OpportunityA new era of learning. Building on Expo 2020 Dubai’s commitment to inspire the generation of the future, Expo City Dubai will offer a wealth of educational and cultural experiences. Its diverse range of attractions, special programming and immersive exhibits will inspire a sense of wonder and boundless creativity in students, and empower them ...Expo Village Serviced Apartments offers accommodations in Dubai, one mile from Dubai Expo 2020 and 8.2 miles from Gurunanak Darbar Sikh Temple. Housed in a building dating back to 2020, this vacation home is 12 miles from The Walk at JBR and 12 miles from Dubai Autodrome. There's a children's playground and guests …The one-day Attractions Pass costs AED 120 and gives visitors access to Expo City and its most popular venues from Expo 2020 Dubai: • Terra. • Alif. • Vision. • Women’s. • Three Stories of Nations exhibitions. Attractions Pass is valid only on the date of the first pavilion/exhibition entry. For visitors not taking advantage of the ...Named after the Arabic word for “connection”, this unique architectural achievement was known as the beating heart of Expo 2020 Dubai.Its massive steel trellis dome, measuring 67.5 meters high houses the largest 360-degree projection surface in the world. Al Wasl Plaza hosted some of the largest events held at Expo 2020, including the ...Expo Village Serviced Apartments offers accommodations in Dubai, one mile from Dubai Expo 2020 and 8.2 miles from Gurunanak Darbar Sikh Temple. Housed in a building dating back to 2020, this vacation home is 12 miles from The Walk at JBR and 12 miles from Dubai Autodrome. There's a children's playground and guests …Aloft Me'aisam, Dubai Production City (4*): Distance to Cop28 and Dubai Expo City: Situated 9.6 km from the Expo site, 15 min by taxi. Sustainability: Travel Sustainable Level 2 as per Booking.com. Description: This hotel is in prime position for connection, despite lacking a direct metro line to Cop28. Taj, Jumeirah Lakes Towers (5*):Mangrove Residences is a smart, sustainable development by Expo City Dubai, located in the area under the same name — Expo City Dubai. Its first phase offers 450 residential units for acquisition, namely 1–3 bedroom apartments, 3-bedroom townhouses and 4-bedroom loft apartments with living areas ranging from 969 sq. …Explore the city with ease by utilising our taxi buggies, which provide a convenient and efficient mode of transportation for short trips within the city. Our buggies are available to all visitors on a first-come, first-served basis. Tenants can register their own private buggies for added convenience. Expo City Dubai. Ten years ago, the world entrusted Dubai and the UAE with the profound responsibility of bringing the world together at Expo 2020. Since then, we have continued to connect minds to create a better future for all. Surreal. The magical spectacle of music, water and fire in Jubilee District is open for visitors. Price: Free Location: Jubilee District Timings: Open 24 hours Expo City Mall. Expo City Mall, housing over 190 shops and F&B outlets, will likely open its doors to the public in 2024.The venue will be a few minutes from the Expo 2020 Metro Station.Create your profile. Get started by creating a profile to apply for a OpportunityThe Stories of Nations Exhibitions are the living legacy of Expo 2020 Dubai’s international participants and take visitors on a journey of our moment in time, our wonderful world, and our endless imagination. Each exhibition offers new layers of storytelling to showcase the story of each District and how the various ways participating ...Ten years ago, the world entrusted Dubai and the UAE with the profound responsibility of bringing the world together at Expo 2020. Since then, we have continued to connect minds to create a better future for all. The Dubai Exhibition Centre is a state-of-the-art venue for conferences, concerts and private functions. Conveniently located next to Expo 2020 metro station, with striking views of the magnificent domed Al Wasl Plaza. Discover why Expo City Dubai's venues are the top choice for your events. Equipped with modern facilities, we're all set to ... Interested investors can choose a luxury residence from 1–3 bedroom apartments. Residences in SKY Residences Expo City provide iconic views of Pavilions inside the exhibition. Sky Residences is a multi-building complex developed by Dubai South Properties and located at Expo City Dubai. The development consists of 419 …In the World’s Most Vibrant Global City, Dubai, UNTOLD adds a new home! 🔮UNTOLD Dubai - Dubai’s First Mega Festival is here! Live the most epic festival exp...An integrated community to work, live and play. Expo City Dubai is an integral part of the Dubai 2040 Urban Master Plan, which emphasises the need for sustainable growth and greener, healthier communities. The City supports business growth through an integrated community built on sustainability where all daily needs are within a 15-minute walk ...As part of a team of Operation Managers, manage and coordinate the operations of the multiple attractions across Expo City Dubai, that will sit in the Education & Culture Structure. As part of a roster pattern, act as lead operational duty manager for specific venues which will include undertaking the role of Incident Fire …The first show starts at 6.15 pm, coinciding with the Magrib call to prayer, which is the Expo City Dubai’s way of transitioning the dome from its day mode to night mode. Taxi Buggies. Explore the city with ease by utilising our taxi buggies, which provide a convenient and efficient mode of transportation for short trips within the city. Our buggies are available to all visitors on a first-come, first-served basis. Tenants can register their own private buggies for added convenience. The Expo City Dubai Half Marathon 2024 is set to debut on 4 Feb 2024, and it’s unlike any race you’ve ever seen! With three thrilling race distances to choose from – 5km, 10km, and 21km, the Expo City Dubai Half Marathon caters to runners of all levels. What sets this event apart is its carefully crafted route, which promises participants ...Sep 1, 2022 · Dubai: From today, September 1, visitors will be able to revisit the Expo 2020 site, with some parts of the site opening to public ahead of the full sit opening up to visitors next month. If you ... True to the values and ambitions, Mangrove Residences is a distinctive residence located in the centre of Expo City Dubai, and is part of a 15-minute urban community with a seamless mobility network and easy access to daily amenities and attractions. Starting from AED 1.2 million. Type of Properties.The Internal Audit Department is responsible for conducting independent and objective assurance reviews designed to add value and improve operational procedures within Expo City Dubai Authority and its subsidiaries including Expo City Dubai LLC (i.e. Expo City Real Estate Developments; Community Services/Operations; Future Technologies), … The Women’s Pavilion is a dedicated space for meaningful discussions supporting women’s contributions to shaping a more balanced world. Opening times. Monday - Sunday | 10:00 - 22:00. (Last entry 21:30) Pricing. AED 50. Jan 20, 2024 · Immerse yourself in the thrill of Bubble Run Expo City Dubai and experience the joy of our non-competitive 4km or 8km route options. Navigate through our bubble stations along the course, being showered with bubbles as you walk, run, or dance through this relaxed fun run. Cap off the adventure with an exciting after-party at the race village ... Dhai Dubai light art festival is a celebration of light, art, and culture that will take place for the first time in January 2024 at Al Wasl Plaza. It aims to create an immersive and enriching experience that goes beyond the visual delight of our stunning light installations and amazing artworks. In addition to the awe-inspiring displays, the ...Sumaya Al Ali, Official Spokesperson, Expo City Dubai said: “The education and empowerment of women and girls – who make up half the global population – is a moral imperative, and it is vital that we leverage this huge, untapped resource in order to successfully tackle urgent global challenges like climate change.Mar 1, 2023 · Iftars will be served daily throughout the month of Ramadan when the sun sets at around 1800. Bookings are now open. For more details and corporate reservations, contact [email protected], or WhatsApp +971 54 246 7188 or reserve through the Eat App. Other dining options on offer as part of Expo City Dubai’s Hai Ramadan ... For any support registering as a supplier with Expo City Dubai Authority, or responding to a sourcing event on Ariba, please reach out to our Sourcing Helpdesk team. Email: [email protected]. Phone: +971 4 817 8925. Discover our network as a supplier for Expo City Dubai. Find essential information on procurement processes ... Location. Conveniently located next to Expo 2020 metro station, with striking views of the magnificent domed Al Wasl Plaza. Customisable event space. 45,000 sqm. 14 exhibition and multi-use halls. Services. On-site catering. Best-in-class audio-visual resources. Discover why Expo City Dubai's venues are the top choice for your events.#expocity #expocitydubai #dubaiHello Viewers! In today's video, I'm going to show you "EXPO CITY DUBAI". Expo City has opened its doors for public. You can v...Packed with educational, cultural and entertainment offerings, Expo City Dubai celebrates the power and impact of human innovation, imagination and ingenuity providing a curated innovation-driven ...An integrated community to work, live and play. Expo City Dubai is an integral part of the Dubai 2040 Urban Master Plan, which emphasises the need for sustainable growth and greener, healthier communities. The City supports business growth through an integrated community built on sustainability where all daily needs are within a 15-minute walk ... We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. A place to connect, relax, and celebrate. Named in honour of the UAE’s 50th anniversary, Jubilee Park is a space built for celebration. You can take a ride on the iconic Garden in the Sky observation tower for a panoramic view of Expo City Dubai. Any cuisine. All types. Show all. 33 results. Name: A to Z. Discover a diverse selection of world-class restaurants, cafes, and food stalls offering delectable cuisines from around the globe at Expo City Dubai's Eat and Drink zone. Using only water, one kiosk of the vertical hydroponic farm at the Expo City Farm is able to produce 15kgs of food all year round. The water is recirculated to reduce water consumption by up to 95 ...Expo City Dubai officially opened in October 2022. The pavilions that are currently open and attracting visitors include: Alif: the Mobility Pavilion, which …True to the values and ambitions, Mangrove Residences is a distinctive residence located in the centre of Expo City Dubai, and is part of a 15-minute urban community with a seamless mobility network and easy access to daily amenities and attractions. Starting from AED 1.2 million. Type of Properties.Dubai's master developer Emaar will soon welcome shoppers to Expo City Mall with a gross leasable area of 385,000 sqft. The mall will have more than 190 retail and food and beverages (F&B) outlets ...Jan 20, 2024 · Immerse yourself in the thrill of Bubble Run Expo City Dubai and experience the joy of our non-competitive 4km or 8km route options. Navigate through our bubble stations along the course, being showered with bubbles as you walk, run, or dance through this relaxed fun run. Cap off the adventure with an exciting after-party at the race village ... Opening hours. Daily: 09:00 - 18:00. Contact. 800 Expo City. Where to park. Download map (763KB) Open in google maps. Ten years ago, the world entrusted Dubai and the UAE with the profound responsibility of bringing the world together at Expo 2020. Since then, we have continued to connect minds to create a better future for all. Additionally, the Al Wasl Plaza Café will stage talks by influential figures, exhibit local artists' works, and offer all a safe, calm space for work and collaboration. The Al Wasl Plaza Café environment will cultivate a sense of support and growth. …The first show starts at 6.15 pm, coinciding with the Magrib call to prayer, which is the Expo City Dubai’s way of transitioning the dome from its day mode to night mode.Be a part of a dynamic, innovative team. Explore exciting careers at Expo City Dubai. We value your skills and experiences and offer numerous opportunities for … Welcome to the Expo City Dubai Career Opportunities Page. True to the legacy of Expo Dubai 2020, Expo Dubai City continues to be a platform for education and culture, inspiring thinkers, innovators and community leaders with an expertly curated programme of content including exciting workshops and special events. Dhai Dubai light art festival is a celebration of light, art, and culture that will take place for the first time in January 2024 at Al Wasl Plaza. It aims to create an immersive and enriching experience that goes beyond the visual delight of our stunning light installations and amazing artworks. In addition to the awe-inspiring displays, the ...The Senior Manager Finance is a strategic role with the responsibility of ensuring the stability of a Real Estate’s finances, in line with ECD financial policies and procedures imposed by the corporate finance team. They assess financial markets and identify solutions to any issues that may arise, all while preparing reports for management on ...The African dining hall is an exploration of the rich and diverse culture consumed through its food, music and design. Curated by world renowned chef Alexander Smalls. Alkebulan (pronounced al-kee-boulan) – the oldest name for Africa and translating to ‘Mother of Mankind’ or ‘Garden of Eden’. Opening hours. Open・11:00-22:00. Monday ...Access to Expo City Dubai attractions via a ‘green link’ corridor for pedestrians, cyclists and autonomous vehicles; Expo City Dubai Sales Centre . Opening hours Daily: 09:00 - 18:00. Contact 800 Expo City. Where to park Download map (763KB) Open in google maps Register your Interest.Dec 15, 2023 · Nestled in the heart of the Winter City is Santa's enchanting house, a magical mockup of where Santa lives and works. While exploring Santa's house, children will discover how he cleverly reuses, reduces, and recycles. From repurposed decorations to energy-efficient lighting, Santa's house showcases the magic of sustainability. A mobility service that bridges private and public transport gaps, optimising routes and providing affordable, comfortable van travel. Expo City Dubai promotes innovation and the entrepreneurial spirit for the creation of a better future. Explore our University Innovation Programme.The Firdaus Orchestra is a one of a kind, all-women Orchestra that made its debut at Expo 2020. Mentored by Oscar Winner, A.R. Rahman, the orchestra consists of professional musicians from across the world, coming together in symphony, now homed in Dubai, UAE.Shoppers will have to wait until next year, as Expo City Mall is expected to open at the start of 2024. Developer Emaar, the company behind the project, revealed the expected opening date in an investor presentation. And now, the Dubai Media Office account has confirmed that the opening is due for 2024. Now up and running and free to …Sumaya Al Ali, Official Spokesperson, Expo City Dubai said: “The education and empowerment of women and girls – who make up half the global population – is a moral imperative, and it is vital that we leverage this huge, untapped resource in order to successfully tackle urgent global challenges like climate change.Please get in touch and we’ll provide you with all the info you need! Phone. +971 4 555 2030. Email. [email protected]. Working times. Monday - Friday: 08:30 - 16:00.Expo City Dubai offers a range of villas, townhouses and apartments in a city designed for the world and for you. Enjoy easy access to amenities, events, …Join us for the launch of Business Climate Lab: On the Road to COP28. This new series of action-oriented sessions is organised by the UAE network of the UN Global Compact in association with Expo City Dubai and powered by the private sector.Terra – The Sustainability Pavilion is LEED Platinum Certified and designed to be Net Zero in Energy and Water. The building's iconic architecture includes a 120-metre-wide canopy and 18 Energy Trees which help generate 4GWh of alternative energy per year. Opening times. Monday - Sunday | 10:00 - 22:00. (Last entry 21:15)UAE: Free entry for ‘Hai Ramadan’ at Expo City Dubai, all you need to know about the timings, activities and events. There are over 10 main activities and workshops this Ramadan and many are free. Website. expo2020dubai .com. Expo 2020 ( Arabic: إكسبو 2020) was a World Expo hosted by Dubai, in the United Arab Emirates, from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022. Originally scheduled for 20 October 2020 to 10 April 2021, it was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Arab Emirates. [4] Expo City Dubai will have a 10 kilometre bike track, a 5 kilometre running track and vast amounts of outdoor spaces. Restaurants, entertainment and retail venues will also be part of Expo City Dubai. People will also be able to live in homes in Expo City Dubai and business hubs will also be opening there. It will … Expo City Dubai is an integral part of the Dubai 2040 Urban Master Plan, which emphasises the need for sustainable growth and greener, healthier communities. The City supports business growth through an integrated community built on sustainability where all daily needs are within a 15-minute walk or bike ride. Dubai Exhibition Centre, adjacent to the metro station, is a venue for major events such as international trade fairs. It recently hosted PopCon Middle East and GameExpo in Dubai and later this year will be part of the emirate's hosting of the Cop28 Climate Change conference. Chinese New Year Grand Parade at Expo city in Dubai — … [email protected]. Expo Dubai Group leverages a global network of partners and a wealth of intellectual and digital content, programmes and experiences in service of the challenges of our time. “Expo City Dubai” means the Authority that was established by virtue of Law No. 14 of 2022 to build on the exceptional success of Expo 2020 Dubai and to oversee, manage and regulate the Expo City site (hereinafter referred to as “Site”) and draw the objectives of transforming the exhibition site into Expo City . Three new exhibitions were unveiled on Wednesday at Expo City Dubai, aimed at drawing crowds back to relive their memories of the world's fair. The pavilions, called the Stories of Nations, are spread across the three districts within the site ― Opportunity, Mobility and Sustainability. Visitors can explore memorabilia that includes ...Welcome to Dhai Dubai, a cultural Light Festival, where art and illumination converge in a spectacular celebration. Nestled in the heart of Expo City, this annual event is a canvas for local artists to transform light into a language of creativity and cultural storytelling. Here, each installation is not just a display but a dialogue, echoing ...In 2020 Dubai hosted a World Expo. The city welcomed the world from October 2021 to March 2022 across 192 pavilions representing different countries. Over 24 million visitors wandered through the breathtaking architecture, taking in groundbreaking technological advances and immersive journeys. This mega-fair provided a glimpse into the future.from. $57.64. per adult (price varies by group size) Attractions Pass with Private Transfers Option to Expo City Dubai. Historical Tours. from. $59.37. per adult (price varies by group size) 5 Hours Skip the line access to Dubai Expo City Admission Ticket.A reflection of Expo 2020 Dubai’s – and now Expo City Dubai’s – long-term commitment to supporting innovations that deliver positive social, economic and environmental change. OVERVIEW Expo Live is the innovation and partnership programme launched by Expo 2020 Dubai to fund, accelerate, and promote creative solutions that improve lives while … Ten years ago, the world entrusted Dubai and the UAE with the profound responsibility of bringing the world together at Expo 2020. Since then, we have continued to connect minds to create a better future for all. 220920-HS-Expo City HS Standards Rev 1. 2.2 MB • PDF. From sanitisation to safety protocols, see how Expo City Dubai ensures a secure environment for all its visitors. We prioritize your well-being. Visit today.The Dubai Metro Red Line takes you from the city of Dubai to the entrance of Expo 2020. First arrivals to the Expo Station are at 06:15 Monday to Saturday and 09:15 on Sunday. Last departures from the Expo Station are at 00:00 Sunday to Thursday and 01:00 Friday to Saturday. Plan your trip by metro by downloading RTA’s S’hail app.The Vice President – Sustainability will be responsible to direct the Sustainability scope and team of Expo City Dubai, developing, implementing, and assuring, against a range of sustainable initiatives towards a Net Carbon Zero 2030 Vision. Lead a change programme of a newly established sustainability strategy, assuring against and reporting ...
The first show starts at 6.15 pm, coinciding with the Magrib call to prayer, which is the Expo City Dubai’s way of transitioning the dome from its day mode to night mode.. Tony's di napoli midtown
Ten years ago, the world entrusted Dubai and the UAE with the profound responsibility of bringing the world together at Expo 2020. Since then, we have continued to connect minds to create a better future for all.Web Desk. The UAE fuel price committee has announced petrol and diesel prices for the month of April 2024. The new rates will apply from April 1 and …Expo City Dubai will adopt the world’s fair theme of sustainability, and will be car-free and free of single-use plastics. With the new site opening in phases from October, The National explores what it would be like to visit Expo City Dubai. Marjan Faraidooni, chief experience officer at Expo, said visitors would be able to see more than 10 attractions.Expo City Dubai, set to host Cop28 in November, aims to help visitors understand their impact on the world and inspire them to contribute to its preservation. Residents are invited to take advantage of this opportunity to explore the flagship pavilions at Expo City Dubai and discover the intersection of museums, sustainability, and well …Expo City Dubai will adopt the world’s fair theme of sustainability, and will be car-free and free of single-use plastics. With the new site opening in phases from October, The National explores what it would be like to visit Expo City Dubai. Marjan Faraidooni, chief experience officer at Expo, said visitors would be able to see more than 10 attractions.Dec 12, 2023 · In the lead up to COP28: Expo City Dubai kicks off a diverse calendar of events in support of a climate-secure future. Visitors of all ages and awareness invited to join journey to 2023 global summit. Forums, exhibitions, performances and youth will drive environmental action. Calendar complements COP28 venue’s initiatives as a clean, green ... Ten years ago, the world entrusted Dubai and the UAE with the profound responsibility of bringing the world together at Expo 2020. Since then, we have continued to connect minds to create a better future for all.Search Houses for sale in Expo City with maps & photos on www.propertyfinder.ae Choose from our 153 Villas Installment Payment Plans available Single Detached & Semi Detached HomesEvent Details. What better way to spend the winter break than at Expo City Dubai where exciting adventures and inspiring interactions await? Join us from 18 to 29 December from 09:00 to 14:30 for a holiday adventure like no other! This winter break, we’ll be exploring the great outdoors of Expo City, learning more about sustainability through ...UAE: Free entry for ‘Hai Ramadan’ at Expo City Dubai, all you need to know about the timings, activities and events. There are over 10 main activities and workshops this Ramadan and many are free.Expo City Dubai is set to open in phases from September 2022, with a full relaunch in October. All photos: Pawan Singh / The National. Rory Reynolds. …Jun 20, 2022 · The Expo 2020 site is to be transformed into Expo City Dubai and will soon welcome thousands of new residents and businesses, said Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid, Vice President and Ruler of Dubai, on Monday. In a series of tweets, Sheikh Mohammed set out his vision for the legacy site. Pulse of a city, rhythm of a home. Embrace the freedom of expansive spaces, where generously sized apartments boast floor-to-ceiling windows and spacious balconies, inviting the outdoors into your personal haven. Gaze upon Expo City Dubai’s picturesque waterfall, a natural masterpiece that graces your view, adding a touch … Expo City Dubai is an integral part of the Dubai 2040 Urban Master Plan, which emphasises the need for sustainable growth and greener, healthier communities. The City supports business growth through an integrated community built on sustainability where all daily needs are within a 15-minute walk or bike ride. Expo City Dubai’s meaningful sustainable impact is rooted in Expo 2020’s legacy. Expo City Dubai is committed to a reputable sustainable reporting framework and its principles of transparency, continuity, accuracy, materiality and balance. These principles equally characterize how we are currently embedding sustainability across Expo City ... UAE: Free entry for ‘Hai Ramadan’ at Expo City Dubai, all you need to know about the timings, activities and events. There are over 10 main activities and workshops this Ramadan and many are free.Get off at Ibn Battuta Bus Station. Walk for two minutes to get to the Ibn Battuta Metro Station. Change trains at the Jebel Ali Metro Station and stay on for six stops till you arrive at Expo ...Mar 11, 2024 · Get set for an epic adventure at Expo City! We're bringing you the world's biggest inflatable obstacle course - a whopping 300 meters long! With 42 obstacles, it's a thrill-seeker's dream. Bounce, slide, jump, and climb your way through this colossal playground of fun! From heart-pounding slides to daring jumps and tricky climbing walls, there ... Create your profile. Get started by creating a profile to apply for a OpportunityThe striking Al Wasl dome in Expo City Dubai has been recognised in the Guinness World Records as the world's largest interactive immersive dome.. The translucent 360-degree structure was the centrepiece of Expo 2020 Dubai. It remains at the heart of Expo City Dubai, the residential and commercial development that has emerged around ….