Pattern recognition and machine learning - This document contains solutions to selected exercises from the book \Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning" by Christopher M. Bishop. Written in 2006, PRML is one of the most popular books in the eld of machine learning. It’s clearly written, never boring and exposes the reader to details without being terse or dry. At the time of …

 
Pattern recognition has its origins in engineering, whereas machine learning grew out of computer science. However, these activities can be viewed as two facets of the same field, and together they have undergone substantial development over the past ten years. In particular, Bayesian methods have grown from a specialist niche to. Jfk to cok

Download BibTex. This leading textbook provides a comprehensive introduction to the fields of pattern recognition and machine learning. It is aimed at advanced undergraduates or first-year PhD students, as well as researchers and practitioners. No previous knowledge of pattern recognition or machine learning concepts is assumed. This document contains solutions to selected exercises from the book \Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning" by Christopher M. Bishop. Written in 2006, PRML is one of the most popular books in the eld of machine learning. It’s clearly written, never boring and exposes the reader to details without being terse or dry. At the time of …pattern recognition and machine learning. The main purpose. of pattern recognition is recognizable proof of the various. verifiable things and relationships. In other words, pattern. recognition ... The course is an introduction to the theoretical foundations of machine learning and pattern recognition. A variety of classical and recent results in machine learning and statistical pattern classification are discussed. Topics include Bayesian classification, regression, regularization, maximum margin classification, kernels, neural networks a... Read all the papers in 2022 3rd International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning (PRML) | IEEE Conference | IEEE XplorePattern Recognition and Machine Learning provides excellent intuitive descriptions and appropriate-level technical details on modern pattern recognition and machine learning. It can be used to teach a course or for self-study, as well as for a reference. … I strongly recommend it for the intended audience and note that Neal …Profile Information. Communications Preferences. Profession and Education. Technical Interests. Need Help? US & Canada:+1 800 678 4333. Worldwide: +1 732 981 0060. Contact & Support. About IEEE Xplore.Contact Us. For any queries regarding the NPTEL website, availability of courses or issues in accessing courses, please contact . NPTEL Administrator,Published on Apr. 11, 2023. Image: Shutterstock / Built In. Pattern recognition is a process for automating the identification and exploration of patterns in data sets. Since there’s no single way to recognize data …Python codes implementing algorithms described in Bishop's book "Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning" Required Packages. python 3; numpy; scipy; jupyter (optional: to run jupyter notebooks) matplotlib (optional: to plot results in the notebooks) sklearn (optional: to fetch data)Bishop Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. sun kim. Download Free PDF View PDF. Pattern Recognition Letters. Pattern recognition and beyond: Alfredo Petrosino’s scientific results. Lucia Maddalena. Download Free PDF View PDF. Information Science and Statistics. Nohemi Magallanes. Download Free PDF View PDF. A Bird's-Eye View …Sep 21, 2011 · This document lists corrections and clarifications for the first printing1 of Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning by Christopher M. Bishop, first published by Springer in 2006. It is intended to be complete, in that it includes also trivial ty-pographical errors and provides clarifications that some readers may find helpful. Solutions for Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning - Christopher M. Bishop View on GitHub This repo contains (or at least will eventually contain) solutions to all the exercises in Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning - Christopher M. Bishop , along with useful code snippets to illustrate certain concepts.This tool is intended to assist researchers in machine learning and pattern recognition to extract feature matrix from these bio-signals automatically and reliably. In this paper, we provided the algorithms used for the signal-specific filtering and segmentation as well as extracting features that have been shown highly relevant to a better category …This is the first text to provide a unified and self-contained introduction to visual pattern recognition and machine learning. It is useful as a general introduction to artifical intelligence and knowledge engineering, and no previous knowledge of pattern recognition or machine learning is necessary. Basic for various pattern recognition and machine …This tool is intended to assist researchers in machine learning and pattern recognition to extract feature matrix from these bio-signals automatically and reliably. In this paper, we provided the algorithms used for the signal-specific filtering and segmentation as well as extracting features that have been shown highly relevant to a better category …Machine learning based pattern recognition and classification framework development Abstract: In this paper we describe implementation of several step pattern recognition framework. Pattern recognition is the main aspect for different important areas such as video surveillance, biometrics, interactive game applications, human computer …Sep 21, 2011 · This document lists corrections and clarifications for the first printing1 of Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning by Christopher M. Bishop, first published by Springer in 2006. It is intended to be complete, in that it includes also trivial ty-pographical errors and provides clarifications that some readers may find helpful. Books. Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning: All "just the Facts 101" Material. Christopher M. Bishop. Springer (India) Private Limited, 2013 - Artificial Intelligence (incl....Fundamentals of Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning is designed for a one or two-semester introductory course in Pattern Recognition or Machine Learning at the graduate or advanced undergraduate level. The book combines theory and practice and is suitable to the classroom and self-study.About the Authors. Deep learning has revolutionized pattern recognition, introducing tools that power a wide range of technologies in such diverse fields as computer vision, natural language processing, and automatic speech recognition. Applying deep learning requires you to simultaneously understand how to cast a problem, the basic ...This week: overview on pattern recognition (related to machine learning) This week: overview on pattern recognition (related to machine learning). Non-review of chapters 6/7. Z-transforms Convolution Sampling/aliasing Linear difference equations Resonances FIR/IIR filtering DFT/FFT. Speech Pattern Recognition. 506 views • 35 slides Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. Today, in the era of Artificial Intelligence, pattern recognition and machine learning are commonly used to create ML models that can quickly and accurately recognize and find unique patterns in data. Pattern recognition is useful for a multitude of applications, specifically in statistical data ... Authors. Andreas Lindholm, Annotell, Sweden Andreas Lindholm is a machine learning research engineer at Annotell, Gothenburg, working with data annotation and data quality questions for autonomous driving. He received his MSc degree in 2013 from Linköping University (including studies at ETH Zürich and UC Santa Barbara). He received his … Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning Browse Computer Science: Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. Relevant books. View all. Book; Machine Learning Evaluation; Learn what pattern recognition in machine learning is, how it works, and what are its benefits and limitations. Explore the main types of pattern recognition, …The domains of Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning have experienced exceptional interest and growth, however the overwhelming number of methods and applications can make the fields seem bewildering. This text offers an accessible and conceptually rich introduction, a solid mathematical development …Pattern recognition and machine learning . 1992. Abstract. No abstract available. ... Anzai seeks to provide a basic knowledge of pattern recognition, learning concepts based on symbolic representations, and learning concepts as implemented in neural networks. It is intended as a college-level text needing as background only the …Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning were once something of a niche area, which has now exploded to become one of the hottest areas of study and research. Students from nearly every field of study clamour to study pattern recognition courses, researchers in nearly every discipline seek waysThis paper provides an overview of some of the most relevant deep learning approaches to pattern extraction and recognition in visual arts, particularly painting and drawing. Recent advances in deep learning and computer vision, coupled with the growing availability of large digitized visual art collections, have opened new opportunities for …Machine Learning and Pattern Recognition (INFR11130) 2:00. Learning Outcomes. On completion of this course, the student will be able to: Frame an applied problem as a machine learning task, identifying appropriate methods. Critically compare and contrast alternative machine learning methods for a given task. Derive and …Introduction to Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, Lectures. Tampere University. Information about studies. How to apply or register. Extent. 5 cr. Course dates. 28.8.2023- 17.10.2023. Application period.You signed in with another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. You signed out in another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. You switched accounts on another tab or window.His main research interests include machine learning, particularly deep learning, and its applications to speech and audio processing, natural language processing, and computer vision. Over the past 30 years, he has worked on a wide range of research problems from these areas and published hundreds of technical articles and papers in the mainstream …Christopher M. Bishop. 4.32. 1,817 ratings75 reviews. Pattern recognition has its origins in engineering, whereas machine learning grew out of computer science. However, these activities can be viewed as two facets of the same field, and together they have undergone substantial development over the past ten years.Introduction to pattern analysis and machine intelligence designed for advanced undergraduate and graduate students. Topics include Bayes decision theory, learning parametric distributions, non-parametric methods, regression, Adaboost, perceptrons, support vector machines, principal components analysis, nonlinear dimension reduction, …Aug 17, 2006 · Computer Science, Mathematics. Technometrics. 1999. TLDR. This chapter presents techniques for statistical machine learning using Support Vector Machines (SVM) to recognize the patterns and classify them, predicting structured objects using SVM, k-nearest neighbor method for classification, and Naive Bayes classifiers. Expand. The aim of this textbook is to introduce machine learning, and the algorithmic paradigms it offers, in a principled way. The book provides an extensive theoretical account of the fundamental ideas underlying machine learning and the mathematical derivations that transform these principles into practical algorithms. Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning (Information Science and Statistics) یک کتاب فوق العاده در زمینه یادگیری ماشین که تئوری مسائل مربوط به ماشین لرنینگ رو طورکامل بررسی می کند. این کتاب که به کتاب بی شاپ معروف است نوشته Christopher M. Bishop از دانشمندان هوش مصنوعی است.. این کتاب میتواند مرجعی مناسب در کنار منابع ...Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning (Information Science and Statistics) یک کتاب فوق العاده در زمینه یادگیری ماشین که تئوری مسائل مربوط به ماشین لرنینگ رو طورکامل بررسی می کند. این کتاب که به کتاب بی شاپ معروف است نوشته Christopher M. Bishop از دانشمندان هوش مصنوعی است.. این کتاب میتواند مرجعی مناسب در کنار منابع ...Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. January 2006. Journal of Electronic Imaging 16 (4):140-155. DOI: 10.1117/1.2819119. In book: Stat Sci (pp.140-155)Home. My courses. Site announcements. My courses. Courses. JUL-NOV 2023. CE-JUL-NOV 2023. CS-JUL-NOV 2023. CS3510:JUL-NOV 2023. CS6235:JUL-NOV 2023. CS5030:JUL-NOV 2023 Pattern recognition has its origins in engineering, whereas machine learning grew out of computer science. However, these activities can be viewed as two facets of the same field, and together they have undergone substantial development over the past ten years. In particular, Bayesian methods have grown from a specialist niche to Thesupport-vector network is a new learning machine for two-group classification problems. The machine conceptually implements the following idea: input vectors are …Introduction Pattern recognition, a key component of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning, is increasingly transforming our society, revolutionizing the way we live and work. These technologies, equipped with the ability to sift through massive datasets and discern patterns and trends, make informed predictions or decisions.Authors. Andreas Lindholm, Annotell, Sweden Andreas Lindholm is a machine learning research engineer at Annotell, Gothenburg, working with data annotation and data quality questions for autonomous driving. He received his MSc degree in 2013 from Linköping University (including studies at ETH Zürich and UC Santa Barbara). He received his …Introduction Pattern recognition, a key component of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning, is increasingly transforming our society, revolutionizing the way we live and work. These technologies, equipped with the ability to sift through massive datasets and discern patterns and trends, make informed predictions or decisions.Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. Christopher M. Bishop. Springer, Aug 17, 2006 - Computers - 738 pages. This is the first textbook on pattern recognition to present the Bayesian viewpoint. The book presents approximate inference algorithms that permit fast approximate answers in situations where exact answers are …Apr 18, 2023 · Pattern Recognition. Patterns are recognized by the help of algorithms used in Machine Learning. Recognizing patterns is the process of classifying the data based on the model that is created by training data, which then detects patterns and characteristics from the patterns. Pattern recognition is the process which can detect different ... graphical models to machine learning. No previous knowledge of pattern recognition or machine learning concepts is assumed. Familiarity with multivariate calculus and basic linear algebra is required, and some experience in the use of probabilities would be helpful though not essential as the book includes a self-contained introduction to bas... Sep 21, 2011 · This document lists corrections and clarifications for the first printing1 of Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning by Christopher M. Bishop, first published by Springer in 2006. It is intended to be complete, in that it includes also trivial ty-pographical errors and provides clarifications that some readers may find helpful. Pattern Recognition. Article PDF Available. Machine Learning in Pattern Recognition. April 2023. European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 8 …Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning provides excellent intuitive descriptions and appropriate-level technical details on modern pattern recognition and machine learning. It can be used to teach a course or for self-study, as well as for a reference. … I strongly recommend it for the intended audience and note that Neal (2007) also has given this …Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. January 2006. Journal of Electronic Imaging 16 (4):140-155. DOI: 10.1117/1.2819119. In book: Stat Sci (pp.140-155)Welcome to the 10 th International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence (PReMI'23). The primary goal of the conference is to provide a platform for presenting state-of-the-art scientific results, enabling academic and industrial interactions, and promoting collaborative research activities in Pattern Recognition, Machine …Pattern recognition has its origins in engineering, whereas machine learning grew out of computer science. However, these activities can be viewed as two facets of the same ?eld, and together they have undergone substantial development over the past ten years. In particular, Bayesian methods have grown from a specialist niche …TEACHING MACHINES TO IMITATE THE HUMAN BRAIN. CENPARMI promotes advanced research in pattern recognition and machine intelligence technologies, strengthening the relationships between Concordia University and industry. Explore our research Meet our members and faculty.This Special Issue seeks high-quality contributions in the fields of computer vision/pattern recognition/machine learning and symmetry in theory, and applications to solve practical application problems. This Special Issue of Symmetry will collect articles on solving real-world problems by solving data- and learning-centric technologies ...Introduction to pattern analysis and machine intelligence designed for advanced undergraduate and graduate students. Topics include Bayes decision theory, learning parametric distributions, non-parametric methods, regression, Adaboost, perceptrons, support vector machines, principal components analysis, nonlinear dimension reduction, …Wherever it is a matter of recognizing patterns in large data volumes, it is expected that machines will bring great benefit to humanity. Following the classical …1st Edition. By Yuri S. Popkov, Alexey Yu. Popkov, Yuri A. Dubnov. August 09, 2022. Entropy Randomization in Machine Learning presents a new approach to machine learning—entropy randomization—to obtain optimal solutions under uncertainty (uncertain data and models of the objects under study).Idioms. Pattern recognition is a subfield of machine learning that focuses on the automatic discovery of patterns and regularities in data. It involves developing algorithms and models that can identify patterns in data and make predictions or decisions based on those patterns. There are several basic principles and design considerations …Title: Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. Author (s): Y. Anzai. Release date: December 2012. Publisher (s): Morgan Kaufmann. ISBN: 9780080513638. This is the first text to provide a unified and self-contained introduction to visual pattern recognition and machine learning. It is useful as a general introduction to artifical intelligence ...Bishop Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. sun kim. Download Free PDF View PDF. Pattern Recognition Letters. Pattern recognition and beyond: Alfredo Petrosino’s scientific results. Lucia Maddalena. Download Free PDF View PDF. Information Science and Statistics. Nohemi Magallanes. Download Free PDF View PDF. A Bird's-Eye View …Pattern recognition has its origins in engineering, whereas machine learning grew out of computer science. However, these activities can be viewed as two facets of the same field, and together they have undergone substantial development over the past ten years. In particular, Bayesian methods have grown from a specialist niche toApr 1, 2024 · In machine learning (ML), pattern recognition is the process of discovering similarities within small problems to solve larger, more complicated problems. Pattern recognition techniques are crucial in intelligent systems and prove useful in many application domains. Pattern recognition incorporates two distinct learning classifications ... Basic for various pattern recognition and machine learning methods. Translated from Japanese, the book also features chapter exercises, keywords, and summaries. Show less. This is the first text to provide a unified and self-contained introduction to visual pattern recognition and machine learning. It is useful as a general introduction to artifical …Idioms. Pattern recognition is a subfield of machine learning that focuses on the automatic discovery of patterns and regularities in data. It involves developing algorithms and models that can identify patterns in data and make predictions or decisions based on those patterns. There are several basic principles and design considerations …Fundamentals of Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning is designed for a one or two-semester introductory course in Pattern Recognition or Machine Learning at the graduate or advanced undergraduate level. The book combines theory and practice and is suitable to the classroom and self-study.This tool is intended to assist researchers in machine learning and pattern recognition to extract feature matrix from these bio-signals automatically and reliably. In this paper, we provided the algorithms used for the signal-specific filtering and segmentation as well as extracting features that have been shown highly relevant to a better category …This leading textbook provides a comprehensive introduction to the fields of pattern recognition and machine learning. It is aimed at advanced undergraduates or first-year PhD students, as well as researchers and practitioners.Apr 18, 2023 · Pattern Recognition. Patterns are recognized by the help of algorithms used in Machine Learning. Recognizing patterns is the process of classifying the data based on the model that is created by training data, which then detects patterns and characteristics from the patterns. Pattern recognition is the process which can detect different ... You signed in with another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. You signed out in another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. You switched accounts on another tab or window. In the rapidly evolving landscape of Machine Learning and Pattern Recognition, the emergence and development of Conformal Prediction (CP) have marked a significant …Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. Bharadwaj, K. Prakash, G. Kanagachidambaresan. Published in Programming with TensorFlow 2021. Computer Science. Programming with TensorFlow. studyguide for pattern recognition and machine learning by bishop christopher m brand new 44 55 list price previous price 53 46 buy it …Machine Learning and Pattern Recognition (INFR11130) 2:00. Learning Outcomes. On completion of this course, the student will be able to: Frame an applied problem as a machine learning task, identifying appropriate methods. Critically compare and contrast alternative machine learning methods for a given task. Derive and …Aug 23, 2016 · Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. Christopher M. Bishop. Springer New York, Aug 23, 2016 - Computers - 778 pages. Pattern recognition has its origins in engineering, whereas machine learning grew out of computer science. However, these activities can be viewed as two facets of the same ?eld, and together they have undergone substantial ... Pattern recognition and machine learning detect arrangements of characteristics of data that uncover information about a given data set or system and is …" Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning." Technometrics, 49(3), p. 366. Reprints and Corporate Permissions. Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content? To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the …Pattern recognition and machine learning; Look Inside . Understanding Machine Learning From Theory to Algorithms. $66.99 (C) Authors: Shai Shalev-Shwartz, Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Shai Ben-David, University of Waterloo, Ontario; ... Machine learning is one of the fastest growing areas of computer science, with far-reaching …Aug 17, 2006 · No previous knowledge of pattern recognition or machine learning concepts is assumed. Familiarity with multivariate calculus and basic linear algebra is required, and some experience in the use of probabilities would be helpful though not essential as the book includes a self-contained introduction to basic probability theory. Since Machine Learning and Pattern Recognition encompasses hundreds of algorithms and mathematical concepts, the goal of this course is not to give an overview of each one of them. Rather, it is to impart to students a strong fundamental background on these topics (such as feature clustering, dimensionality reduction, classification, and neural networks) …TEACHING MACHINES TO IMITATE THE HUMAN BRAIN. CENPARMI promotes advanced research in pattern recognition and machine intelligence technologies, strengthening the relationships between Concordia University and industry. Explore our research Meet our members and faculty.Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning provides excellent intuitive descriptions and appropriate-level technical details on modern pattern recognition and machine learning. It can be used to teach a course or for self-study, as well as for a reference. … I strongly recommend it for the intended audience and note that Neal (2007) also has given this …Pattern recognition has its origins in engineering, whereas machine learning grew out of computer science. However, these activities can be viewed as two facets of the same field, and together they have undergone substantial development over the past ten years. In particular, Bayesian methods have grown from a specialist niche to

The field of pattern recognition and machine learning has a long and distinguished history. In particular, there are many excellent textbooks on the topic, so the question of why a new textbook is desirable must be confronted. The goal of this book is to be a concise introduction, which combines theory and practice and is suitable to the ... . Alldata online free

pattern recognition and machine learning

This is the solutions manual (web-edition) for the book Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning (PRML; published by Springer in 2006). It contains solutions to the www exercises. This release was created September 8, 2009. Future releases with corrections to errors will be published on the PRML web-site (see below).Introduction Pattern recognition, a key component of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning, is increasingly transforming our society, revolutionizing the way we live and work. These technologies, equipped with the ability to sift through massive datasets and discern patterns and trends, make informed predictions or decisions.Pattern Recognition and Classification presents a comprehensive introduction to the core concepts involved in automated pattern recognition. It is designed to be accessible to newcomers from varied backgrounds, but it will also be useful to researchers and professionals in image and signal processing and analysis, and in computer vision. ...Ng's research is in the areas of machine learning and artificial intelligence. He leads the STAIR (STanford Artificial Intelligence Robot) project, whose goal is to develop a home assistant robot that can perform tasks such as tidy up a room, load/unload a dishwasher, fetch and deliver items, and prepare meals using a kitchen.Read all the papers in 2022 3rd International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning (PRML) | IEEE Conference | IEEE XploreThis is a solution manual for the famous book Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. I will keep update the solutions as my learning process goes on. There are some problems that I am not sure, which have been marked by "Waiting for update" in the solution manual. If you want to provide a solution for these unsolving problems, …We expect this special issue addresses the research issues in the closely related areas of Pattern Recognition, such as Machine Learning, Data Mining, Computer Vision and Image Processing. We encourage the interdisciplinary research and applications of these areas. We welcome high-quality submissions with important new theories, …Learn what pattern recognition in machine learning is, how it works, and what are its benefits and limitations. Explore the main types of pattern recognition, …Read all the papers in 2022 3rd International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning (PRML) | IEEE Conference | IEEE XploreRepository of notes, code and notebooks in Python for the book Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning by Christopher Bishop Topics. python machine-learning pattern-recognition prml bayesian-statistics Resources. Readme License. AGPL-3.0 license Activity. Stars. 1.8k stars Watchers. 32 watching Forks. 448 forks Report repository …Aug 23, 2016 · Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. Christopher M. Bishop. Springer New York, Aug 23, 2016 - Computers - 778 pages. Pattern recognition has its origins in engineering, whereas machine learning grew out of computer science. However, these activities can be viewed as two facets of the same ?eld, and together they have undergone substantial ... Pattern recognition has its origins in engineering, whereas machine learning grew out of computer science. However, these activities can be viewed as two facets of the same field, and together they have undergone substantial development over the past ten years. In particular, Bayesian methods have grown from a specialist niche toPattern Recognition and Machine Learning. January 2006. Journal of Electronic Imaging 16 (4):140-155. DOI: 10.1117/1.2819119. In book: Stat Sci (pp.140-155)This is the first text to provide a unified and self-contained introduction to visual pattern recognition and machine learning. It is useful as a general introduction to artifical intelligence and knowledge engineering, and no previous knowledge of pattern recognition or machine learning is necessary. Basic for various pattern recognition and machine …Apr 11, 2023 · Pattern recognition methodologies are incredibly popular in computer vision. We can put pattern recognition methodologies to use to programmatically develop applications that derive knowledge from images, and effectively understand them as a human being might. Machine Learning This self-contained textbook bridges the gap between mathematical and machine learning texts, introducing the mathematical concepts with a minimum of prerequisites. It uses these concepts to derive four central machine learning methods: linear regression, principal component analysis, Gaussian mixture models and support …Dec 27, 2023 · Machine learning and pattern recognition work in tandem to enhance a system’s ability to make decisions, learn from experiences, and predict outcomes. By employing these techniques, machines can simulate the pattern identification capabilities of the human brain, but at a scale and speed that is unattainable for humans. Machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) are widely applied in many disciplines including medicine. Pattern recognition or automatization has been successfully implemented in various field studies. Similarly, multiple efforts have been made in medicine to implement AI/ML technology to solve medical problems, [...] Read more..

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